Language as Communication



We all know that language is the primary tool in communication.  Though this is just one of the definitions, however, it gives clearer and vivid understanding of what communication is. There are two things to be considered, the term language and the communication. Either which of the two which comes first however language cannot be defined by just a simple question what is language. It is ideal perhaps to ask why language change. Is there a system in language?  How language do acquired and what is its classification? All these questions should be answered clearly so to give deep understanding about language as   communication.
We all have favorite and famous speakers when we are college or even up to this
moment. If we observe those speakers they have different styles in speaking or even the
way they use words as they speak.  Take for example of the famous Abram Lincoln and
John F. Kennedy they too differ if we compare their manner of speaking to the
contemporary speaker like   the  current president of  United States Donald Trump
specifically on their use of words. Both famous personalities use English as their medium
of speaking nevertheless their use of words definitely varies. Because there are words
that are no longer being use in this 21st century and considered outdated   or passé.
Languages are always changing, and there are some older speakers find themselves
grumbling in the wake of the changes.  However, this notion has been opposed by some
of the experts. According to Trask, (2010) the change of language can be easily
determined by seeing finding them in various vocabularies. He added that it is not only
words  that  change  it  is  the  totality  of  it (words)  that  change  over  time  like
pronunciation, and its definition.




When words are determined in its lexical morphology, lexical phonology, and
lexical semantics this means that language follows a system.  Each word in the
dictionary or any printed materials which its meaning could be determined and
distinguished are all part of the language system.  The 
Cambridge Dictionary of
Linguistics defined lexical morphology as   theory in which all aspects of derivational and
inflectional morphology are handled in the lexicon,
lexical phonology defined as a theory
about the organization of phonology, morphology and the lexicon developed in the
1960s. It claims that many morphological and phonological processes are carried out in
the lexicon. The lexical semantics of words is defined as the analysis of the meaning of
lexical items in short the denotative meaning of certain word. All these aspects will give
a clearer perception about the system of language (Brown, 2013)

According to the Cambridge Dictionary of Linguistics languages can be classified
in a variety of ways, most commonly genetically or typologically. A genetic classification
is the most common - languages are classified into language families on the basis of
presumed descent from a common ancestor. The Romance languages (French, Italian,
etc.) are descended from Latin, and Latin, together with Oscan and other languages
formerly spoken in the Italian peninsula, is a branch of Indo-European, which includes
Balto-Slavic, Indo-Iranian, etc. Genetic classification rests on the comparative method. A
typological classification groups languages together in terms of common structural
characteristics. A typological classification may be on the basis of shared morphological
properties -  classifying  languages  into  agglutinating,  inflecting,  isolating  and
polysynthetic types - or syntactic properties - classifying languages according to the
most frequent order of Subject, Verb and Object in simple sentences - languages which
are verb first (Verb, Subject, Object), like most Celtic languages, or verb last (Subject,
Object, Verb) like most Indo-Iranian languages. Languages may also be classified into a
Sprachbund, that is, a group of spatially contiguous languages that have developed




common features. A well-known example in Europe is the Balkan Sprachbund, including Romanian, Bulgarian, Albanian and Greek. Although not genetically closely related, these languages show grammatical convergence.
Communication on the other hand has been defined in many ways. It could be defined as the process of transmitting information. It always involved two persons the sender and the receiver. Sender is considered as the origin of the idea while the receiver decodes the idea transmitted.  In this this concept, the sender and receiver use a particular language in order to communication. Without a tool or medium which is the language, human being could not communicate one another. They must use a common language in order to understand each other.




Bibliography
Brown, K. &. (2013). The Cambridge Dictionary of Linguistics. New York: Cambridge University  Press.

Trask, R. (2010). Why Do Language Change ? New York: Cambridge University Press.


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